Showing posts with label population. Show all posts
Showing posts with label population. Show all posts

A Pivotal Moment: Population, Justice, and the Environmental Challenge Review

A Pivotal Moment: Population, Justice, and the Environmental Challenge
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A Pivotal Moment: Population, Justice, and the Environmental Challenge Review"A Pivotal Moment" is a mixed bag. On the positive side, contributors like Brian O'Neill, Robert Engelman and Lynne Gaffikin provide persuasive evidence that stabilizing populations is key to addressing environmental problems. This core message is important and timely, given that the population / environment connection seems to have largely disappeared from environmental discourse in the past two decades, at least in the United States.
On the negative side, however,the discussion here is relentlessly anthropocentric. In almost 400 pages, there is hardly a mention that any other species besides good old Homo sapiens might deserve some of the land, water, and other resources that humanity is ever more thoroughly appropriating.

"Sustainability" in these pieces inevitably means sustaining more people in ease and comfort. There is a lot of talk about women's reproductive rights--but no discussion, anywhere, about other species' right to continued existence.
All the contributors to "A Pivotal Moment" agree that women have an unalienable right to have as many children as they want. The assumption is that this is OK environmentally, because "as many as they want" typically means less than currently. But of course, it need not mean that. As one of the pieces does point out, in some countries, a major impediment to reducing fertility rates is women's and men's desire for lots of kids.
In a world with 6.9 billion people (and counting), do people really have the right to have as many children as they want? Remember, if you say "yes," that includes "the Octomom" and Joe Jessup, the Utah patriarch smiling out from this month's National Geographic in a picture with his five wives and forty-six children.

I don't think a real environmentalist can support an unlimited right to reproduction in an overcrowded world, anymore than they can support a right to unlimited consumption. If only because, first, we want to preserve reasonable, limited rights to consume and procreate for future generations; and second, because we want to preserve the very existence of the ten million or so other species with whom we (more and more grudgingly, it seems) share our planet.
In any case, it would have been nice to read a real debate about such issues in this book! Instead, everyone is singing from the same hymnal. "More rights and opportunities for everyone will lead to environmental protection."
Maybe, but maybe not. If not, what then?A Pivotal Moment: Population, Justice, and the Environmental Challenge Overview

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The African Food System and Its Interactions with Human Health and Nutrition (United Nations University) Review

The African Food System and Its Interactions with Human Health and Nutrition (United Nations University)
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The African Food System and Its Interactions with Human Health and Nutrition (United Nations University) Review(Disclaimer: I am one of the chapter authors*)
"The African Food System..." is a collaborative, multi-disciplinary research effort between researchers at Cornell University, United Nations University, and other eminent scholars and policymakers worldwide under the direction of Per Pinstrup-Andersen. It is the first in a series discussing the gaps in knowledge that prevent governments in Sub-Saharan Africa from accomplishing the Millennium Development Goals. The research is targeted at a broad audience and does not assume specific technical knowledge to make use of the insights from the chapters.
Topics include: economics; nutrition; politics; poverty traps; malaria; AIDS; livestock; environment; food aid; population; gender studies
The chapters are as follows:
1 - The African Food System and Human Health and Nutrition: A conceptual and Empirical Overview (Per Pinstrup-Andersen)
2 - The Nutrition Situation in Sub-Saharan Africa (Derrill D. Watson II* and Per Pinstrup-Andersen)
3 - Disease Burden of Sub-Saharan Africa and Their Interactions with Malnutrition (Onesmo K. ole-MoiYoi)
4 - Animals as a Source of Human Disease: Historical Perspective and Future Health Risks for the African Population (E. Fuller Torrey)
5 - How AIDS Epidemics Interact with African Food Systems and How to Improve the Response (Stuart Gillespie)
6 - Pest Management, Farmer Incomes and Health Risks in Sub-Saharan Africa: Pesticides, Host Plant Resistance and Other Measures (Rebecca Nelson)
7 - Nutrition and the Environment: Fundamental to Food Security in Africa (Anna Herforth)
8 - Food Safety as a Bridge between the Food System and Human Health in Sub-Saharan Africa (Dorothy Nakimbugwe and Kathryn J. Boor)
9 - Population Dynamics and Future Food Requirements in Sub-Saharan Africa (Barbara Boyle Torrey)
10 - Income and Food Transfers to Improve Human Health and Nutrition (Harold Alderman)
11 - The Impact of Poor Health and Nutrition on Labor Productivity, Poverty, and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (David Sahn)
12 - Food Systems and the Escape from Poverty and Ill-Health Traps in Sub-Saharan Africa (Christopher B. Barrett)
13 - Strengthening the Role of Women in the Food Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa to Achieve Nutrition and Health Goals (Laura K. Cramer and Speciosa K. Wandira)
14 - Bridging the Gap: Linking Agriculture and Health to Achieve the Millennium Development Goals (Joachim von Braun, Marie T. Ruel, and Stuart Gillespie)The African Food System and Its Interactions with Human Health and Nutrition (United Nations University) Overview

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