Showing posts with label lawrence lessig. Show all posts
Showing posts with label lawrence lessig. Show all posts

Access Controlled: The Shaping of Power, Rights, and Rule in Cyberspace (Information Revolution and Global Politics) Review

Access Controlled: The Shaping of Power, Rights, and Rule in Cyberspace (Information Revolution and Global Politics)
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Access Controlled: The Shaping of Power, Rights, and Rule in Cyberspace (Information Revolution and Global Politics) ReviewSmartly organized and edited, Access Controlled is essential reading for anyone interested in studying the methods governments are using globally to stifle online expression and dissent. There is simply no other resource out there like this; it should be required reading in every cyberlaw or information policy program.
The book, which is a project of the OpenNet Initiative (ONI), is divided into two parts. Part 1 of the book includes six chapters on "Theory and Analysis." They are terrifically informative essays. The beefy second part of the book provides a whopping 480 pages(!) of detailed regional and country-by-country overviews of the global state of online speech controls and discuss the long-term ramifications of increasing government meddling with online networks.
The book offers a useful taxonomy to illustrate the three general types of speech and information controls that states are deploying today. Throughout the book, various authors document the increasing movement away from "first generation controls," which are epitomized by "Great Firewall of China"-like filtering methods, and toward second- and third-generation controls, which are more refined and difficult to monitor.
The individual authors seem to adopt a somewhat gloomy outlook toward the long-term prospects for "technologies of freedom" relative to "technologies of control." But I think it's vital to put things in some historical context in this regard. It's important to recall that, as a communications medium, the Net is still quite young. So, is the Net really more susceptible to State control and manipulation than previous communications technologies and platforms? I'm not so sure, although it's hard to find a metric to compare them in an analytically rigorous fashion. It's certainly true that the State has access to more data about its citizens than in the past, but it's also true that we have more information about the State than ever before, too! And, again, we also have access to more of those technologies of freedom than ever before to at least try to fight back. Compare, for example, the plight of a dissident in a Cold War-era Eastern Bloc communist state to a dissident in China or Iran today. Which one had a better chance of getting their words (or audio and video) out to the local or global community?
Despite those small quibbles, Access Controlled is an indispensable resource that belongs on the bookshelf of anyone who covers information technology policy and wants to better understand global Internet regualtion. Highly recommended. [You can find my complete review at the Technology Liberation Front Blog]Access Controlled: The Shaping of Power, Rights, and Rule in Cyberspace (Information Revolution and Global Politics) Overview

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Access Denied: The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering (Information Revolution and Global Politics) Review

Access Denied: The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering (Information Revolution and Global Politics)
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Access Denied: The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering (Information Revolution and Global Politics) ReviewThis is a beautifully put together book in terms of brains, content, presentation, and coverage.
An edited work, with ten primary authors, it actually reflects the collaborative efforts of an international network of collaborators, and can safely be considered the seminal basic reference on this topic.
The first 150 pages include an introduction and six chapters, on measuring global internet filtering, the politics and mechanisms of
control, tools and technology for filtering, filtering and the international system, corporate filtering, and ethics. The rest of the book, 285 pages, is taken up by regional overviews and then country-specific summaries of filtering policy.
The motives for filtering are three: politics & power; social norms & morals, and security concerns.
Two types of filtering occur: announced, and disguised. Announced filters show a blocking page, unannounced filters pretend there was an error. Blocking anc be of entire sites, or specific pages identified by keywords.
The eye-opener for me was that filtering is not just on content, but on capability. Skype and Google Earth are two of the primary capabilities that are being denied to the people around the world by repressive ignorant governments who would rather have perpetual poverty than allow the people to leverage every aspect of the Internet including free global communications.
This is a first class intellectual, social, economic, and political contribution to the literature.
I recommend the following ten books along with this one:
The leadership of civilization building: Administrative and civilization theory, symbolic dialogue, and citizen skills for the 21st century
The Big Switch: Rewiring the World, from Edison to Google
The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Eradicating Poverty Through Profits (Wharton School Publishing Paperbacks)
The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom
The Web of Inclusion: Architecture for Building Great Organizations
The Ingenuity Gap: Facing the Economic, Environmental, and Other Challenges of an Increasingly Complex and Unpredictable Future
Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom
The Pirate's Dilemma: How Youth Culture Is Reinventing Capitalism
The Difference: How the Power of Diversity Creates Better Groups, Firms, Schools, and Societies
Collective Intelligence: Creating a Prosperous World at PeaceAccess Denied: The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering (Information Revolution and Global Politics) Overview

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Protocol Politics: The Globalization of Internet Governance (Information Revolution and Global Politics) Review

Protocol Politics: The Globalization of Internet Governance (Information Revolution and Global Politics)
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Protocol Politics: The Globalization of Internet Governance (Information Revolution and Global Politics) ReviewEven for those of us [me] who have used the Internet for decades, DeNardis has provided a nice favour by analysing how it has changed as a result of immense success and growth. The book largely revolves around the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. The latter was first proposed around 1991, just before the Web, when Internet usage really took off. But already in 91, net experts foresaw a day when the 4 billion address space of v4 would be exhausted. Hence the first proposals for IPng, which would become relabelled as IPv6.
The biggest demand is from the continued industrialising of developed countries, especially China and India. The continued distribution of v4 addresses would increasingly be seen as inequitable, and styming their growth.
The book describes stop gap solutions that have thus far reduced the end date of v4 address exhaustion. Notably has been NAT - Network Address Translation. But all this just delays an inevitable.
When will that be? The book shies away from providing a date. It explains that currently only some 0.3% of Internet usage is v6; all the rest is v4. Many deadlines have come and gone, often imposed top down by governments like Japan, Korea and Europe. The difficulties of transitioning from a global network of v4 and v6 nodes to just v6 seem hard. The book suggests that one trigger might be that actual exhaustion. While another possibility could be a killer app that needs v6.
Interestingly, the book points out that the purported increased security of v6, via IPSec, is not strictly confined to v6. IPSec has now been ported to v4. Ironically, the current low usage of IPSec under v6 has meant that there could be holes in it not found by sufficient testing and usage.
Protocol Politics: The Globalization of Internet Governance (Information Revolution and Global Politics) Overview

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